Landscaping & Water Retention

Golf courses and irrigation facilities need precise construction and durable liners, such as TPO/EPDM geomembranes and GCL.

Water Utilization

Water is essential for all living organisms and a critical element in human culture and civilization. It circulates through evaporation and precipitation processes, and humans make use of rivers, lakes, and groundwater.

Water serves various purposes including drinking, agriculture, industry, and power generation.

Since the 1960s, industrialization and urbanization have increased water demand, leading to numerous water resource development projects.

However, water quantity and quality issues have become serious, making efficient management and reduction of water waste essential.

Category	Description
Philosophical Importance of Water	As Thales stated, "Water is the origin of all things," water is fundamental for sustaining life and civilization.
Water Cycle	Sun heat → Evaporation (ocean, surface) → Clouds/fog → Precipitation (rain, snow) → Surface water → Infiltration to ground/return to sea → Re-evaporation; a complex circulation process.
Water Utilization	Rivers, lakes, and groundwater are used for drinking water, agriculture, industry, and power generation.
Water and Civilization	Interruption of water supply significantly impacts cultural life; long-term disruption threatens survival.
Situation in Korea	Since the 1960s, industrialization, urbanization, and population growth have sharply increased water demand, prompting water resource development and expansion of water supply facilities.
Current Issues	Quantity: Transition from seemingly infinite to finite resources Quality: Increase in wastewater and pollution Rising demand for clean water among the public
Environmental Functions of Water	Landscape and aesthetic functions (harmonization with greenery) Water source and discharge functions Environmental preservation roles (retention of residual pesticides, fertilizers, etc.)
Golf Course Pond Examples	Landscape and aesthetic functions Strategic play functions Water storage and drainage functions Environmental preservation functions
Water Resource Strategy Directions	Consider difficulty of new development Ensure efficient management Minimize waste Maximize use of existing facilities Long-term strategy considering future generations

Landscape Lakes & Rivers

Artificial lakes, ponds, and ecological rivers are designed as complex systems integrating structures and the surrounding environment.

Water quality management is critical. Because these facilities are usually designed with shallow depths, leaks can quickly lower water levels, and solar heating can easily raise water temperature, making the system sensitive to pollutants and reducing its natural purification capacity.

The lower the water volume, the greater the risk of water quality deterioration. Therefore, proper selection of waterproofing materials and precise construction are essential.

Various materials and construction methods have been used to date, but through verification, TPO (EPDM) sheets and bentonite-based products are now mainly applied.

Design Examples

Joint Details

TPO (EPDM) Sheet, Bentonite Mat, Soil Bentonite, Geocomposite

Golf Course Ponds

Golf courses in Korea became widely accessible since the late 1980s,
and ponds on golf courses play an important role in both game strategy and landscape aesthetics.

Ponds also provide environmental functions such as water purification and irrigation supply, but shallow depths or insufficient water replenishment can lead to water quality issues.

Therefore, the design and management of ponds should consider both functional and physical characteristics.

Pond Construction 1. EDGE

Category	Description
Definition	Outer edge of the hole, green, or bunker
Main Functions	Provides space for aquatic plants, responds to water level changes during dry seasons, accommodates H.W.L (high water level) fluctuations
Design & Construction Features	Creates visual aesthetics while maintaining ecological functions
Materials Used	Timber, cobblestones, natural stones, turf, and other environmentally friendly materials

Pond Construction 2. CREEK

Category	Description
Definition	A small canal used for drainage, irrigation, or circulation
Construction Method	Created by modifying natural valleys into golf course features, or artificially formed using terrain variations
Feature	Often includes waterfalls
Location	CREEK connects from the highest artificial pond to the lowest pond on the golf course

Pond Construction 3. Waterfall

Category	Description
Definition	Water flows nearly vertically, forming a waterfall over slopes or steps using height differences
Function	Provides aesthetic appeal
Installation Elements	Design and appearance vary depending on location, materials, height, and water drop
Types	Ranges from large to small scale; maintaining a natural landscape is important

Pond Construction 4. Bridges

Category	Description
Definition	Elevated structures crossing rivers, lakes, straits, bays, canals, lowlands, or other facilities (bridges)
Function	Ensures safe passage and facility stability
Requirements	Sufficient strength and durability, cost-effectiveness, and structural design for stability and usability
Design Considerations	Material selection, structural type comparison, and aesthetic integration with the environment

Water Supply (Freshwater) Facilities

Various water facilities such as industrial water systems, wastewater reservoirs,
canals, and water treatment plants require reliable waterproofing materials for efficient water utilization and maintenance.

The TPO (EPDM) sheet waterproofing method uses artificial synthetic sheets with excellent fire resistance and acid/alkali resistance to prevent leakage.

These sheets do not release harmful substances even during prolonged water contact, making them safe for humans, plants, and aquatic life.

Furthermore, instead of traditional adhesives, heat fusion welding using automatic welders is applied, allowing perfect bonding while preserving the material properties.

Design Examples

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GOLDENPOW Co., Ltd. CEO: Jinseop Shim Head Office: 412, Samseong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul Business Registration No.: 312-81-19153

Tel: +82-2-554-4655 Fax: +82-2-554-5364, +82-2-566-0267 Email: goldenpow@goldenpow.com

Cheonan Plant: 15, Garyong-gil, Seonghwan-eup, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam Tel: +82-41-581-6522 Fax: +82-41-581-0424

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Supplementary Provisions
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